Change-speed gearing.



H. A. RYTHER.

CHANGE SPEED GEARING.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 1, 1912.

Patented June 10, 1913.

/NVENTUR SII WITNESSEE- @761mm coLuMmA vumocmmn UNTTED STATS yPATENit"OFFltQlE.

HENRY A. RYTI-IER, OF IVIONTAGUE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO MILLERSFALLS COMPANY, OF MILLERS FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSA-CHUSETTS.

CHANGE-SPEED GEARING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 10, 1913.

Application filed July 1, 1912. Serial No. 706,863.

To all 'ic/0m 'it may concern le it known that I, YllnNni' A. ltr'rnun,a citizen ot' the United States, and resident', olf hl'ontague, in thecounty olf Franklin and State ogl ldassachusetts, have invented ccrtain. new and uset'ul AImprove]ncnts in Change-Speed Gearing, oit whichthe li'ollowing is a specification.

This :invention relates to means :for varying the speed oi rotationimparted to a spindle er sha'lit, and in connection therewith to alsoprot'ide tor varying the character oiE the movement imparted to thespite die or shaft't.

'lhe object o'l the invention is to provide an impri'ived andsinipliticd mechanism which will enable the user to quickly shit't thecf'mnections so that the spindle or shalit may be given a continuousrotation in either direction at either one of two speeds, or an'intermittent rotation in either direction at either one ol two speeds.The gearing is designed :t'or use where it 'is desired that a spindle orshaft't shall have imparted to it continuous rotary motion in eitherdirecs tion at` a 'fast speed or a slow speed, or an internl'ittentrotary motion in either direc- Vtion at a :tast speed or a slow speed.

'.lhe invention consists in the construction and combination of partssubstantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

(lli the accompanying drawings: ltigure l is a, side elevation o'l thegearing, including a` portion ot the l'rame o'lt the `mechanism to whichthe invention is applied; Fig. 2 represents a section on line E2 2 oitltig. 1, on a larger scale; `Fig. 3 represents a section through someoit the members indicated in the middle portion ot' Fig. 3, the line olisection being ditl'ierent; Fig Ll-. is a plan view ot the parts shown inFig. 2l; Fig. 5 is a side elevation oi the parts shown in VFig. 3,omitting the outer sleeve which actuates the cam sleeve; Fig. t' is aperspective view oit the barrel and its sliding pawls; Fig. 7 a planview o'lI the lower pinion shown in Figs. l and Q; Fig. S represents adevelopment of the cam actuating sleeve` said figure indicatingl also adevelopment ot the base ring at the lower end ot the said sleeve; F t)represents a development ot' the cam sleeve.

Similar relicrence characters represent the saine 0r similar parts inall the tigurcs.

The traine of the mechanism is indicated at l2, said 'lrame havingbearings :lor a sha'l't or spindle lil. The :lraine also provides asupport t'or a compound gear comprising a larger outer member lfl-` anda smaller inner member '15, the latter being shown as secured to thetorlner as bv screws it. .i

Looscly mounted on the spindle 123 are two pinions 17 and lS meshingrespectively with the outer and inner series o'll teeth ot.: thecompound gear lil, l5. It will be nnderstood at this point that ilE thepinion 17 be temporarily connected to the spindle, rotation ot thecompound gear will impart the higher speed olf rotation to said spindle,while it the pinion '1,8 be temporarily connected to the spindle themotion o'l rotation that will be imparted to thc spindle by theeompoluul gear will be relativelyv slow. its will be presentlydescribed, when one pinion is connected to the spindle, the other one islel't lree to rotate idly thereon.

Secured to the spindle l?) between the opposing' laces oli the twopinions 17, 1S is a pawl barrel l5). ln the, drawingsl said barrel isshown as secured to the spindle by means ol a key litting a hey-way orgroove in the side oi the spindle. This is merely t'or convenience inassembling. It is to be understood that the barrel might be secured tothe spindle in any other way. ,lhe liey and licynvay shown, hmvever,enable the entire set'. oli men'lbers between the two pinions li', 'ISto be removed collectively if the spindle is witlnlrawn 'l'rom itsbearings.

rlhe opposing it'aces oitE the pinions 17 and t3 are Formed or providedwith ratchet teeth 2l. 'lhese ratchet teeth are double 'lacet-l, thatis, they consist ol: sector-shaped projections 'from the iace ot eachpinion, said protections conmrising a circular series. both sides o'lfthe projections forming teeth to be engaged by the abrupt sides ot thebevel-emled pawls presently described when said pa wlsI are adjusted orcontrolled 'tor di'tlierent operations.

iflounted in slideways in the barrel 19 are 'lour pawls, the pawls 2Q,2Q being diametrically opposite each other and having their endsbeveled, as shown by comparing Figs. t and 5, this pair oit pawls 22, 22being` arranged to cooperate with the ratchet teeth ot the pinion 1S.For convenience oi de scription the pinion 18 may be referred to as theslow speed pinion, and the pinion 17 as the high speed pinion, thereason for these terms being explained above in connection wit-h thedescription of the operation of the compound gear. The pawls 23alternate with the pawls 22, 22, and their beveled ends are arranged andadapted to cooperate with the ratchet teeth of the high speed pinion 17.Each pawl is projected when such movement is permitted, as hereinafterdescribed, by a spring 24 (Fig. 3), and each pawl has an outwardlyprojecting pin 25 to be engaged by the cam sleeve presently described.To one end of the barrel a cap ring 26 is secured, as by screws 27. Tot-he other end of the barrel a base ring 28 is secured, as by pins 29(Fig. 2). These connections are such that the cap ring 26 and base ring28 practically become portions of the barrel in that they are heldagainst rotation relatively to the spindle 13. The base ring 28 has itslower portion enlarged so that the surface thereof will be substantiallyflush with the outer surface of the actuating sleeve presentlydescribed, and said outwardly projecting portion of the base ring 28 isprovided wlith an indicator 34 (Fig. 8) for the purpose presentlydescribed.

Mounted on the barrel is a cam sleeve 30, the outer surface of which issubstantially flush with the outer surface of the ring 26, said sleevehaving a lug 31 which is engaged by a groove 32 in the inner face ofthecamactuating sleeve 33, the connection of said lug and groove being suchthat all rotative movements of the sleeve 33 are transmitted to theinner sleeve 30. Each edge of the inner sleeve 30 is formed wit-h fourdepressions, as best shown in Fig. 9, the sides of said depressionsforming cams for engaging the pins 25 of the pawls, said pins ridingalong the straight edges of said sleeve 30 when the latter is beingrotatively shifted or adjusted. The structure is such that when a camdepression of the sleeve 30 is opposite a pin 25, the pawl from whichthatpin projects is free to be acted upon by its spring, so that itsbeveled end will be projected beyond the end of the carrier barrel.

In order that the user may know the exact point to which the cam ringshould be rotated to obtain the particular speed or character ofmovement that is to be imparted by the compound gear to the spindle, theouter face of 'the cam actuating sleeve 33 is preferably provided withdefinite symbols, such as words and marks, which when brought oppositethe indicating mark 34 of the stationary ring 28 will indicate that theproper adjustment has been made. Figs. 8 and 9 indicate the relationshipof the cam actuating sleeve and the cani ring, it being remembered thatthe said sleeve and ring must rotate or be adjusted in unison owing tothe lug 31 engaging the recess or groove 32, as shown in Fig. 2. Whenthe R H R- Slow is opposite t-he indicator 34 all of the pawls,excepting one of the pair 22, are held withdrawn, and the one pawl 22which remains projected is the one which is beveled on such side that arotary reciprocating motie-n of the compound gear will act through thepinion 18 and the projected pawl 22 to impart to the spindle anintermittent rotation in a right-hand direction, as the gear is moved inone direction, while the said beveled paw'l slips over the ratchet teeth21 of said pinion 18 when moving in the other direction, this operationbeing termed for convenience right-hand ratcheting As the operationtakes place only through the slow speed pinion 18, the speed of theintermittent right-hand motion imparted to the spindle will be slow.Adjusting the sleeve 33 until the L H R-Slow comes opposite theindicator 34 results in holding all the pawls retracted excepting theother pawl 22, the end of which is beveled in such a direct-ion that itwill coperate in the manner described with the slow speed pinion 18 toproduce left-hand ratch- -eting but at a slow speed of movement.Adjusting the sleeve still farther until the point Fast comes oppositethe indicator 33 results in retracting both of the pawls 22 andpermitting both of the pawls 23 to be projected. As each pair of pawls,as has been described, are beveled in opposite directions, the result ofthe projection ofboth pawls of a pair is that the pinion adjacent thatpair will be locked to the barrel. Consequently when the two pawls 23have been projected as just described, they engage the teeth 21 of thehigh speed pinion 17 so that rotation of the compo-und gear in eitherdirect-ion will impart to the spindle its higher rate of rotation eitherto the right or ,left according to the direction of motion given to thecompound gear. Adjusting the two sleeves still farther until the nextpoint Slow comes opposite the indicator 34 results in retracting boththe pawls 23 and permitting both of the pawls 22 to be projected bytheir springs, thus locking the slow speed pinion 17 to the barrel andspindle.

It is to be understood that when either pair of the pawls 22, 23 isprojected the motion which will then be transmitted by the compound gearto the spindle will be continuous in either direct-ion, but the speed ofrotation so imparted will be varied according to which pair of saidpawls is so projected.

The next step of adjustment brings l1 H. B Fast opposite the indicator34 and this results in all of the pawls being retracted excepting one ofthe pawls 23, and that one pawl which is then projected is the one whichis beveled in such a direction that intermittent forward and back motionof the compound gear will impart a lett-hand rateheting motion to thespindle, at the higher speed due to the tact that the pawl so projectedis cooperating with the pinion 17. rlhe next step ot' adjustment bringslt. II. 1t.-Fast opposite the indicator Bat and this :results inprojecting the other pawl oit' the pair 225, which pawl that is so .lettprojected the one which is beveled in a direction to cause forward andhack motion ot the compound gear to impart a t righthand ratchetingmotion to the spindle at the higher speed because ot the engagement otthe projected pawl with the pinion 17.

Still further adjustn'ients to bring the other marks Fastf Slou"opposite the indicator 341i result in projecting either the pair oitpawls 2? or the pair oit pawls 22 in the manner that has been alreadydescribed.

.It will now be seen that I have combined :in compact form a group oitelements located between the two pinions 17, 18, which enable all oitthe changes oit motion that may be desired for the spindle to be readilyett'eeted, these changes not only controlling the speed ot rotationthat. may be imparted to the spindle continuously lin either direction,but the character ot the movement imparted to said spindle. Thecharacter changes aittect the direction ot movement when ratchet-mg, andatleet the speed ot such ratcheting moven'ient.

I claim:

l. in change speed gearing, the combiw nation with a spindle, ot twopinions loose thereon, a compound gear having large and small. series ofteeth meshing respectively with said two pinions, and mechanismeonnected with the spindle internnatiate said pinions and including`sliding pawls having beveled ends for connecting the pinions to thespindle itor either tast or slow move ment in either or both directions.

9. In change speed gearing, the con1l ination with a spindle, ot twopinions loose thereon, a compound gear having large and small series otteeth meshing respectively with said two pinions, a barrel secured lothe spindle between said two pinions, and pawls and controlling devicescarried hy said barrel :t'or controlling both the speed and thecharacter oil. the motion imparted to said spindle.

8. In change speed gearing, the combination with a spindle, oit acompound gear having two series ot teeth, two pinions loose on thespindls and in mesh with the two series ot teeth at the saine side otthe axis ot said compound gear whereby rotation of said gear will rotateboth pinions simultaneously in the same direction, the opposing 'tfacesoit the pinions havingl ratchet teeth, a barrel secured to the spindlebetween said pinions, a pair ot oppositely beveled pawls tor each pinioncarried hy said barrel, and means 'lor selectively rendering said pawlsactive or inactive.

4t. In change speed gearing, the comhination with a spindle, ot twopinions loose. thereon, a compound gear having large and small seriesolf teeth meshing respectively with said two pinions, a barrel securedto the spindle between said two pinions, two pairs oit pawls mounted toslide longitudinally ot said barrel, and a rotatable cam ring torcontrolling said pawls.

In change speed gearing, the combination with a spindle, ot two pinionsIloose thereon, a compound gear having large and. small seriesl ot' teethmeshing respectively with said two pinions, a barrel secured to thespindle between said two pinions, two pairs ot pawls mounted to slidelongitudinally o'l said barrel, one pair ot pawls being adapted to heprojected itrom one end olf the barrel aud the other pair lrom the otherend ol said barrel, and a rotatable, cam ring 'lor controlling saidpawls.

(S. ln change speed gearing, the combination with a spindle, oi two'pinions loose thereon, a compound gear having large and small series otteeth meshing respectively with said two pinions, a barrel secured tothe spindle between said two pinions, two pairsI ot pawls mounted toslide 1ongitudinally ot the barrel, a cap ring and a base ring set-,uredto opposite ends oli said barrel, and a sleeve mounted on the barrelbetween the eap ring and base ring and having camshaped edges, each pawlhaving a. pin engaging an edge ot said sleeve, and having a spring tokeep said pin in engagement with said edge.

In testimony whereot I have allixed my signature, in presence ot twowitnesses.

HENRY A. RYTHER.

lVi tnesses Lizzie B. S'rnAcnaN, Hanauer M. DuDLnY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

